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Comparison of molecular methods for identification of sand flies
Gottfried, Vítězslav ; Dvořák, Vít (advisor) ; Votýpka, Jan (referee)
Phlebotomine sand flies are vectors of important human and veterinary infectious diseases which are distributed mainly in subtropical and tropical areas around the world. The most important transmited infection is leishmaniosis. Over 900 species and subspecies of Phlebotominae subfamily have been described and classified into 32 genera. Their taxonomy has not been fully resolved yet. Morphological identification of each species is time-consuming, some species are even morphologically undefinable. For these reasons the molecular methods of identification are used. The methods described in this bachelor thesis study molecular structures and etologic displays. All these methods had been used for species identification of sand flies and are followed by examples of usage, adventages and disadvantages.
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Microcrystalline inclusions in microalgae studied via Raman microscopy
Suja, Matyáš ; Mojzeš, Peter (advisor) ; Šloufová, Ivana (referee)
Many freshwater, terrestrial or marine microalgae contain various microcrystalline inclusions that they use in their life cycle. However, the identification of the molecular composition of these inclusions via many physical or chemical methods is often very difficult and susceptible to many measurement errors. Therefore, the chemical composition of these microcrystals in many microalgae has not been determined at all or may be incorrect. One of the high precision methods capable of determining the composition of microcrystalline bodies within microalgae is Raman confocal microscopy. This very promising method of optical vibrational spectroscopy allows rapid and non-destructive molecular analysis of objects. Raman microscopy does not require chemical extraction, modification or other color marking or staining of the sample. Therefore, it can directly measure living cells at various stages of their natural development. The chemical composition of the sample is then characterized by its corresponding Raman vibrational spectrum. The aim of this diploma thesis is to determine the presence of microcrystals in different species of microalgae, study the conditions of their occurrence and identify their chemical composition via Raman microscopy.
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Diagnosis of infections caused by members of the superfamily Paramphistomoidea
Pokrupová, Zuzana ; Pankrác, Jan (advisor) ; Račka, Karol (referee)
Trematodes of the superfamily Paramphistomoidea are significant pathogens of various species of vertebrates including livestock. They also cause significant economic losses. Adults are located in the forestomaches, eventually in the bile ducts or in the large intestine of the host. Severe pathological changes and sometimes even death of the host are caused by juvenile stages during their migration in small intestine. The diagnosis of paramphistomosis is done mainly by coprological methods (McMaster method, mini-FLOTAC, sedimentation methods) which detect the presence of eggs in the faeces of definitive host. However, these methods cannot be used during the prepatent period. Therefore it is important to develop immunological methods that enable detection of the infection in the early phase. It is also important to develope methods for molecular identification of paramphistomes to facilitate epidemiological studies and evaluate the economic importance of individual species of Paramphistomoidea. Presented thesis summarizes current methods and development of new strategies in diagnostics of paramphistomosis and molecular identification of paramphistomes.
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Comparison of molecular methods for identification of sand flies
Gottfried, Vítězslav ; Dvořák, Vít (advisor) ; Votýpka, Jan (referee)
Phlebotomine sand flies are vectors of important human and veterinary infectious diseases which are distributed mainly in subtropical and tropical areas around the world. The most important transmited infection is leishmaniosis. Over 900 species and subspecies of Phlebotominae subfamily have been described and classified into 32 genera. Their taxonomy has not been fully resolved yet. Morphological identification of each species is time-consuming, some species are even morphologically undefinable. For these reasons the molecular methods of identification are used. The methods described in this bachelor thesis study molecular structures and etologic displays. All these methods had been used for species identification of sand flies and are followed by examples of usage, adventages and disadvantages.
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